Explain the geopolitical components of food in the context of sacred defense

Janparvar, Mohsen; Dehnavi, Aliakbar; Bahrami Jaf, Sajed; Saleh Abadi, Reyhaneh

doi:20.1001.1.25883674.1398.5.3.4.0

Document Type : Research/Original/Regular Article

Authors

¹ Assistant Professor of Political Geography, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

² a

³ PhD student in Political Geography, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

⁴ Graduated from the PhD in Political Geography Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

https://doi.org/20.1001.1.25883674.1398.5.3.4.0

Abstract

Food geopolitics is one of the thematic trends that has been raised in recent decades due to successive droughts and rapid population growth in the world. The geopolitics of food in Iran is of special importance due to its location in the arid and semi-arid situation of the world and on the other hand, constant external threats, such as military attack or economic sanctions. The present study seeks to answer the question of what are the most important components of food geopolitics by using descriptive-analytical method and using library resources and field research? SPSS statistical software and Friedman ranking test were used to analyze the findings of the questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire showed that in the territorial dimension (geographical location), in the demographic dimension (quantity and quality of population), in the economic dimension (high value food production), in the socio-cultural dimension (combination of urban and rural population and food production) In the political dimension (production protection policies), in the defense-security dimension (ensuring public health) and in the scientific-programmatic dimension (production technology), they are considered as shaping and effective variables in the geopolitical formation of food.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

احمدی، عباس، مرجان بدیعی ازنداهی و طهمورث حیدری موصلو (1396). تبیین نظری تغییر ماهیت مناطق ژئوپلیتیک در رقابت بین قدرت‌‌ها»، فصلنامۀ ژئوپلیتیک، دورۀ 13، شمارۀ 47، صص 78-55.

جانپرور، محسن (1396). ژئوپلیتیک برای همه، تهران: انتخاب.

حافظنیا، محمدرضا (1396). اصول و مفاهیم ژئوپلیتیک، مشهد: پاپلی.

سیف‌زرگر، احمد (1357). مشکلات غذایی جهان، تهران: بنگاه ترجمه و نشر کتاب.

عزتی، عزت‌الله و سهیلا نانوا (1390). «سیاست خارجی ایران و چالش‌های فراروی ایران با تغییر ساختار سیاسی در عراق»، فصلنامۀ علوم سیاسی. شمارۀ 80، صص 153-135.

قادری حاجت، مصطفی و عابد گل‌کرمی (1399). «بررسی و تحلیل نگرش ژئوپلیتیکی اسناد بالادستی آمایش سرزمین در ایران»، فصلنامۀ ژئوپلیتیک، دورۀ 16، شمارۀ 58، صص 87-58.

قالیباف، محمدباقر و همکاران (1393). «واکاوی و تبیین نقش غذا در رقابتهای ژئوپلیتیکی با تأکید بر ژئوپلیتیک غذا»، فصلنامۀ ژئوپلیتیک، سال دهم، شمارۀ اول.

نصرتی، حمیدرضا و مراد کاویانی‌راد و فرزانه ساسانپور (1398). «واکاوی مفهوم امنیّت آب از منظر جغرافیای سیاسی و ژئوپلیتیک»، فصلنامۀ ژئوپلیتیک، دورۀ 15، شمارۀ 53، صص 59-23.

نصیری، سوناز (1398). «نقش قدرت نرم در سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران (مطالعه موردی عراق)»، دوفصلنامه مطالعات قدرت نرم، دوره 9، شماره 1، بهار و تابستان، 287-265.

Alesina, A. and Giuliano, P. (2015). Culture and Institutions, Journal of Economic Literature, No 53, pp 898- 944. doi:10.1257/jel.53.4.898

Alonso, E. Cockx, L. and Swinnen, J. (2017). Culture and Food Security, LICOS Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance Waaistraat 6- mailbox 3511. doi.org/ 10.1016 / j.gfs.2018.02.002.

Anseeuw, L.A. Wily, L. Cotula and M. Taylor, (2011) Land Rights and the Rush for Land: Findings of the Global Commercial Pressures on Land Research Project Rome: International.

Bourne, J. K. Jr. (2009). The End of Plenty, National Geographic 215/6 (June 2009) pp. 26-59; A. S. Natsios and K. W. Doley, ‘The Coming Food Coups’, The Washington Quarterly 32/1 (2009) pp. 7-25. http://ngm nationalgeographic.com/2009/06/cheap-food/bourne-text

Brinkman, H. J. and C. S. Hendrix (2011). Food Insecurity and Violent Conflict: Causes, Consequences, and Addressing the Challenges, Occasional Paper No. 24, World Food Program. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.01.007

Challinor, A. J. Watson, J. Lobell, D. B. Howden, S. M., Smith, D. R., & Chhetri, N. (2014). A metaanalysis of crop yield under climate change and adaptation, Nature Climate Change, 4(4), 287-291. https:// doi.org /10.1038/ nclimate2153

Conceição, P. Levine, S. Lipton, M. Rodríguez, A. W. (2016). Toward a food secure future: Ensuring food security for sustainable human development in Sub-Saharan Africa, Food Policy.Volume 60, Pp 1-9. doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.02.003.

Deaton, B. and Lipka, B (2015). Political Instability and Food Security, Journal of Food Security, 2015, Vol. 3, No. 1, 29-33 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/jfs/3/1/5. Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/jfs-3-1-5.

Devereux, S. (2009). Why does famine persist in Africa? Food Security 1 (1): 25-35. DOI: 10.1007/s12571-008-0005-8

Dodds, K & Atkinson. D. (2000). Geopolitical Traditions: A Century of Geopolitical Thought. London: Routledge.

Dodds, K (2007). Geopolitics: A Very Short Introduction, New York: Oxford University Press.

Ducastro (1976). The Black Book of Hunger: Tehran, Gam Publishing.

Elferink, M. Schierhorn, F. Global Demand for Food Is Rising. Can We Meet It? Harvard Business Review-7 April 2016. Available online: https://hbr.org/2016/04/global-demand-for-food-is-rising-can-wemeet-it (accessed on 20 June 2020).

Foley, J.A. Ramankutty, N. Brauman, K.A. Cassidy, E.S. Gerber, J.S. Johnston, M. Mueller, N.D. O’Connell, C. Ray, D.K. West, P.C. et al (2011) Solutions for a Cultivated Planet. Nature 2011, 478, 337-342 DOI: 10.1038/nature10452.

Helander, H. (2017). Geographic Disparities in Future Global Food Security Exploring the Impacts of Population Development and Climate Change, UPTEC STS 17001 Examensarbete 30 hp Januari 2017, ISSN: 1650-8319, UPTEC STS 17001.

Janparvar. M. Afshordi, M. AhmadiPoor, Z. Qasri, M. (2014). Explain the effective indicators in border management. Geopolitical Quarterly, Vlome 10, NO 2. Pp 1-35.

Keding, G.B. Schneider, K. Jordan, I. (2013). Production and processing of foods as core aspects of nutrition-sensitive agriculture and sustainable diets. Food Security 5, 825-846. doi:10.1007/s12571-013-0312-6.

Kittler, P. Sucher, K. and Nelms, M. (2011). Food and culture. Cengage Learning.

Lambers, W. (2013). War and Hunger in the Central African Republic. Think Africa Press. african-republic (accessed 4 March 2015). http://thinkafricapress.com/centralafrican-republic/war-and-hunger-central.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Essex: Longman, p. 433.

Peluso, N. L. and Lund. C. (2011). New Frontiers of Land Control: Introduction, Journal of Peasant Studies 38/4 (Oct. 2011) p. 669; W. DOI: 10.1080/03066150.2011.607692.

Shukla, S. Prakash Singh. S. (2015). Food security and technology in India, Int. J. Sustainable Agricultural Management and Informatics, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2015 DOI: 10.1504/IJSAMI.2015.069054.

Sibhatu, K.T. Qaim, M. (2017). Rural food security, subsistence agriculture, and seasonality. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0186406https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186406.

Silva, G. Feeding the World in 2050 and Beyond-Part 1: Productivity Challenges. Michigan State University Extension-3 December 2018. Available online: https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/feeding-the-world-in-2050- and-beyond-part-1 (accessed on 20 June 2020).

Smith, L.C. El Obeid, A.E. Jensen, H.H. (2000). The Geography and Causes of Food Insecurity in Developing Countries, Agric, Econ., 199-215 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5150(99)00051-1.

Sommerville, Melanie, Jamey Essex & Philippe Le Billon., (2014). The ‘Global Food Crisis’ and the Geopolitics of Food Security, Geopolitics, 19:2, 239-265, DOI: 10.1080/14650045.2013.811641.

Teixeira, E. Fischer, G. Velthuizen, H. V. & Walter, C. (2013). Global hot-spots of heat stress on agricultural crops due to climate change. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 170, 206-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.09.002.

Wegren, S.K. and Elvestad, C. (2018). Russia’s food self-sufficiency and food security: An assessment. Post Communist Econ. 2018, 30, 565-587. DOI: 10.1080/14631377.2018.1470854.

Holy Defense Studies

Explain the geopolitical components of food in the context of sacred defense

References

References

Volume 5, Issue 3 - Serial Number 19
December 2019
Pages 67-88

Explain the geopolitical components of food in the context of sacred defense

References

References

Volume 5, Issue 3 - Serial Number 19December 2019Pages 67-88

Volume 5, Issue 3 - Serial Number 19
December 2019
Pages 67-88