Holy Defense Studies

Abstract JK

Abstract FGH

Abstract GHH

Abstract Leadership is the most important factor in victory and defeat and maintaining morale and preventing psychological damage in war. The mystical and epic character of Imam Khomeini (as) had made him a unique leader and commander during the time of the Holy Defense, whose attitude, teachings and manners had an undeniable profound effect on the spirit of the nation and the warriors and their preparations in Had against enemies. The indescribable love and affection of the people of the nation and the warriors of Islam for them came from their religious beliefs. The warriors of Islam, in addition to their great love for the Imam, deeply believed in him. He is the successor of Imam Asr (AS) and enjoys the guardianship of the Infallible Imam and the dignity of religious authority and political leadership of the Islamic society. Therefore, in the framework of this belief, they accepted the guardianship of Imam Khomeini in the continuation of the guardianship of the infallibles and adhered to its provisions, and considered obedience and following them obligatory. The present study examines the effect of Imam's words on the elements of the teamwork of the warriors of the Khatam al-Anbiya (PBUH) camp in the holy defense, focusing on the operations of the Karbalais. The statistical population of this study is the staff of Khatam-Al-Anbia (PBUH) camp in Tehran who participated in Operation Karbala 5. Of this number, which is 21 people, 37 people were considered as a sample based on cluster sampling method and a questionnaire was distributed among them. The results show that the words of Imam Khomeini are effective on all 17 elements of teamwork among the warriors of Islam on the fronts of right against wrong. Imam Khomeini, with his words, gave them enthusiasm and self-confidence, and this led to the constant and tough presence of the people and warriors on the battlefields.

Abstract War memoirs with their unique features, although considered sources of war history, are often classified into distinct categories of historical sources and texts. This issue is related to the special narrative features of these works, as in them the border between history and literature is always fluctuating. In this study, in order to identify the narrative features and components governing the narration of war memories, and also to investigate the hypothesis of the possibility of achieving a fundamental pattern in the narration of these memoirs, three memoirs were written by the Holy Defense Memoirs ( Babanzar, one of these days I reached puberty and Chezabeh) has been selected as a case study and the processes and effective components in the narration of these works have been studied and analyzed based on the theory of structuralism. The results of this study show the fundamental role of mental and synchronic patterns in shaping the "narrative" of war memories. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the data are collected by library method.

Abstract The purpose of this article is to identify the role of women in war photography in the field of soft power. The research method is qualitative and content analysis. The statistical population was photographers and experts in the field of war and 907 photographs of women in war. Data collection tools were done in the form of exploratory and semi-structured interviews. The extracted data were analyzed based on determining the frequency and in three aspects of representation variables, representation of concepts in photography and segregation of women's cultural role and by coding basic concepts organizing concepts and comprehensive concepts. Findings showed that the "cultural role of women" from the operational and executive aspects in four components cultural representations, manifestation of political-socio-cultural partnerships, motivational and effective in social interactions, empowerment and lifestyle production are considered.The results confirm that the cultural role of women in the escort of warriors, mourning and burial of martyrs, attending the shrines of martyrs and living in war zones, respectively, are among the highest subjects of representation of photographers during the war and welcoming freedmen to attend the shrine. Martyrs and the care of the families of martyrs and captives are effective indicators after the war. Strengthening the cultural role of women through visual arts should be a necessity of cultural policy. Because these images can be effective as an effective tool in strengthening the soft power of the country in the face of the policies of the domination system and the emergence of national security.